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In light of the world leaders' response to the critical time of pandemic, this paper offers first-hand evidence of the perceived impacts of pandemic and perceived resiliency in the context of health-quarantined communities in two Asian countries. The study utilized Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to determine perceived impacts of Covid 19 and to analyze comparatively the social resilience of two countries with opposing global economic statuses, the Philippines and Japan. Due to the global condition caused by the pandemic, the online survey was administered in both countries. Resiliency survey questions were tailored for suitability within the context of the coronavirus pandemic and for face validity. The instruments used in this study consist of a Japanese translation for ease of understanding of the community respondents in Japan. Data analysis using PLS-SEM revealed impacts of Covid-19 pandemic significantly influence the social resilience of communities in both countries. Impacts of Covid-19 outbreak similarly showed significant influence on building new normal resilience of communities in two countries. Resilience was anchored on reactive and proactive capacities of communities. Implications of this study contribute to the sustainable futures of the communities focusing on intervention models to mitigate the long-term impacts of the pandemic. Further research should be done on the development of policies and programs for government implementation to manage and mitigate social complexities brought about by the pandemic or other adversities. Linking through mediation analysis of resilience factors for sustainable development can be explored for future research © 2023, Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities.All Rights Reserved.
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Introduction: There have been some reports on flare-ups of kidney diseases following COVID-19 vaccines such as IgA nephropathy and minimal change disease. However, there have been few reports on those of IgA vasculitis following the vaccines yet. We report a case of IgA vasculitis with a flare-up of gross hematuria and lower-limb purpura following Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. Method(s): The patient is a 16-year-old female with no previous history of abnormal results of urinalyses before April in 2021. She had developed microscopic hematuria, proteinuria and purpura on both of her lower limbs that emerged and then disappeared repeatedly since then. She received Moderna COVID-19 vaccines in August and September in 2021, both of which were followed by gross hematuria lasting for around 10 days. The lower-limb purpura reemerged at the same time as the hematuria. Microscopic hematuria of around 30-49 RBC/HPF, glomerular hematuria of moderate degree and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR) of around 0.8 g/gCr had continuously been detected. Skin and kidney biopsies were performed in December in 2021 and in February in 2022 respectively. Result(s): The skin tissue showed formation of leukocytoclastic vasculitis, and the kidney tissue showed that of cellular and fibrocellular crescents and endocapillary hypercellularity. Immunofluorescence staining of both tissues showed deposition of galactose-deficient IgA1(Gd-IgA1) and C3, and she was diagnosed as IgA vasculitis. She received steroid pulse therapy followed by tonsillectomy. The lower-limb purpura has disappeared after she received three courses of the steroid pulse therapy, but microscopic hematuria and UPCR of around 0.8 g/gCr have still continued. Conclusion(s): IgA vasculitis is leukocytoclastic vasculitis characterized by deposition of Gd-IgA1 on microvessel walls in skin and on glomerular capillaries in kidneys. The detailed mechanism of IgA vasculitis has not been fully elucidated yet. Gross hematuria following an upper respiratory infection is considered as a characteristic clinical symptom of IgA vasculitis as well as IgA nephropathy. Post-vaccination gross hematuria of patients with IgA nephropathy has been reported, and it is believed that innate immunity is related to its mechanism. Moderna COVID-19 vaccines, which the patient received, are mRNA vaccines. We estimate that exposure to the mRNA vaccine triggered excess glomerular deposition of Gd-IgA1-containing immune complexes and subsequent gross hematuria by overactivation of innate immunity such as Toll-like receptors that detect RNA. This case suggests that such immune activation by a mRNA vaccine might be related not only to the mechanism of IgA nephropathy but also to that of IgA vasculitis. No conflict of interestCopyright © 2023
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Background: Randomized phase III clinical trials suggest that the antibody cocktail containing casirivimab and imdevimab reduces the risk of hospitalization/death in high-risk COVID-19 patients. However, the efficacy of the cocktail in daily clinical practice remains unknown.
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The present study aimed to identify useful biomarkers to predict deterioration in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19). A total of 201 COVID‑19 patients were classified according to their disease severity into non‑severe (n=125) and severe (n=76) groups, and the behavior of laboratory biomarkers was examined according to the prognosis. Neutrophil count, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C‑reactive protein (CRP), sialylated carbohydrate antigen KL‑6 (KL‑6), procalcitonin (PCT), presepsin (PSP) and D‑dimer levels were significantly higher, and lymphocyte count and platelet count were significantly lower in the non‑severe group compared with the severe group. In the non‑severe group, ROC analysis demonstrated that only four biomarkers, CRP, PSP, AST and LDH were useful for differentiating the prognosis between improvement and deterioration subgroups. No strong correlation was revealed for any of the markers. Multivariate analysis identified CRP as a significant prognostic factor in non‑severe cases (odds ratio, 41.45;95% confidence interval, 4.91‑349.24;P<0.001). However, there were no blood biomarkers that could predict the outcome of patients in the severe group. Overall, several blood markers changed significantly according to disease severity in the course of COVID‑19 infection. Among them, CRP, PSP, LDH and AST were the most reliable markers for predicting the patient's prognosis in non‑severe COVID‑19 cases.
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Objectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: This Cochrane review aims to evaluate the impact of government lockdown (i.e. stay-at-home order or movement control order) during an emerging infectious disease outbreak on mental health in the general population.
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A 12-year-old indoor cat showed severe respiratory symptoms such as sneezing, nasal discharge and cough. On Day 5 after disease onset, an oral swab was collected and a real-time RT-PCR test was performed to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), indicating that the sample from the cat was positive for SARS-CoV-2 genes. Since the symptoms worsened on Day 8, a general physical examination, blood tests, chest x-rays and treatment were carried out and oral, nasal and rectal swabs were collected. Mild bronchitis and increased serum amyloid A (SAA) were observed, but it did not lead to pneumonia. In addition, whole-genome analysis revealed that it was the delta variant of SARS-CoV-2. Then the cat recovered, and a significant increase of virus-neutralizing antibody titer was observed in the convalescent serum. In conclusion, this is the first report on a cat with respiratory symptoms caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in Japan.